there are black and white photography, advertising photography, ariel photography, architectural photography, astronomical photography, baby photography, cityscape photography, commercial photography, concert photography, digital photography, documentary photography, equine photography, family photography, fine art photography, food photography, glamour/ fashion photography, infrared photography, landscape photography, macro photography, nature photography, night photography, pet photography, portrait photography, seascape photography, travel photography, underwater photography, wedding photography, wildlife photography...
taken from: http://www.shotaddict.com/wordpress/2006/10/18/1382.html
2) Equipment
lens, filters, flash and camera bag are basic needs for a camera.
taken from: http://photography.about.com/od/photographyequipment/a/basicequipment.htm
3) Aperture
It can also be called an aperture stop for the photographic lens, which controls the amount of light that reaches the image sensor. The size of it can regulate the film's degree of exposure to light.
taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aperture#In_photography
4) Focus
Be able to sharply focus on the object.
taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photography#Function
5) Shutter Speed
Adjustment of speed of the shutter so as to be able to control the amount of time in each exposure of light during which the imaging medium is exposed and can also control the amount of light striking the image plane.
taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photography#Function
6) ISO speed
In film cameras, it is used to let the camera know the film speed of selected film on the camera.
In digital cameras, it is used as an indication of the camera's gain from the light to numerical output and it can also control the automatic exposure system.
taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photography#Function
7) Metering
It is a measurement of exposure to allow highlights and shadows to be exposed to the photographer's wishes.
taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photography#Function
electronic compensation for colour temperature which is associated with a given set of lighting conditions so as to ensure that white light is registered on the imaging chip to allow the colours in the frame to appear natural.
taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photography#Function
9) Composition (Rules)
the rule of thirds, golden section rule and the diagonal rule.
taken from: http://www.colorpilot.com/comp_rules.html#rule1
10) Techniques
The techniques are high-speed photography, tilt-shift photography, black and white photography, motion blur, infrared, night, smoke photography, macro photography, HDR, panoramic photography, RAW processing etc.
taken from:http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/04/22/the-ultimate-photography-round-up/
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